2,678 research outputs found
Formally-based tools and techniques for human-computer dialogues
With ever cheaper and more powerful technology. the proliferation of computer systems, and higher expectations of their users, the user interface is now seen as a crucial part of any interactive system. As the designers and users of interactive software have found, though, it can be both difficult and costly to create good interactive software. It is therefore appropriate to look at ways of "engineering" the interface as well as the application. which we choose to do by using the software engineering techniques of specification and prototyping.
Formally specifying the user interface allows the designer to reason about its properties in the light of the many guidelines on the subject. Early availability of prototypes of the user interface allows the designer to experiment with alternative options and to elicit feedback from potential users.
This thesis presents tools and techniques (collectively called SPI for specifying and prototyping the dialogues between an interactive system and its users. They are based on a formal specification and rapid prototyping method and notation called me too. and were originally designed as an extension to me too. They have also been implemented under UNIX*. thus enabling a transition from the formal specification to its implementation.
*UNIX is a trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratorie
Recreating Richard III: The Power of Tudor Propaganda
Because it signified the violent transition from the Plantagenet to Tudor dynasty, the death of King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth’s Field was a monumental event. After five centuries, his skeleton was rediscovered by an archaeological team at a site, formerly the location of the Greyfriars Priory Church. The presentation uses the forensic evidence to examine the extent to which the perceived image of Richard III is the result of Tudor propaganda
Justice for Rwanda: Toward a Universal Law of Armed Conflict
Section I of this Comment provides a history of the Rwandan armed conflict and a description of the laws of armed conflict. It focuses on the basic laws of armed conflict, the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, and describes how these laws have been interpreted by the ICTY and ICTR. Section II addresses the classification of the Rwandan armed conflict as a non-international conflict. This section discusses Ugandan support for the invading Rwandan Patriotic Front ( hereinafter RPF ) and the murder of ten Belgian U.N. peacekeepers by Rwandan troops. The Section proposes changing the definition of an international conflict, thereby strengthening the coverage of humanitarian law
Justice for Rwanda: Toward a Universal Law of Armed Conflict
Section I of this Comment provides a history of the Rwandan armed conflict and a description of the laws of armed conflict. It focuses on the basic laws of armed conflict, the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, and describes how these laws have been interpreted by the ICTY and ICTR. Section II addresses the classification of the Rwandan armed conflict as a non-international conflict. This section discusses Ugandan support for the invading Rwandan Patriotic Front ( hereinafter RPF ) and the murder of ten Belgian U.N. peacekeepers by Rwandan troops. The Section proposes changing the definition of an international conflict, thereby strengthening the coverage of humanitarian law
Formulating MEDLINE queries for article retrieval based on PubMed exemplars
Bibliographic search engines allow endless possibilities for building queries based on specific words or phrases in article titles and abstracts, indexing terms, and other attributes. Unfortunately, deciding which attributes to use in a methodologically sound query is a non-trivial process. In this paper, we describe a system to help with this task, given an example set of PubMed articles to retrieve and a corresponding set of articles to exclude. The system provides the users with unigram and bigram features from the title, abstract, MeSH terms, and MeSH qualifier terms in decreasing order of precision, given a recall threshold. From this information and their knowledge of the domain, users can formulate a query and evaluate its performance. We apply the system to the task of distinguishing original research articles of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of sensorimotor function from fMRI studies of higher cognitive functions
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Defense of Marriage Act: Amend the Constitution of the State of Georgia to Provide That Georgia Shall Recognize as Marriage Only the Union of a Man and a Woman; Provide for Submission of This Amendment for Ratification or Rejection; and for Other Purposes
Defense of Marriage Act: Amend the Constitution of the State of Georgia to Provide That Georgia Shall Recognize as Marriage Only the Union of a Man and a Woman; Provide for Submission of This Amendment for Ratification or Rejection; and for Other Purpose
Situation Coverage Testing for a Simulated Autonomous Car -- an Initial Case Study
It is hard to test autonomous robot (AR) software because of the range and
diversity of external situations (terrain, obstacles, humans, peer robots) that
AR must deal with. Common measures of testing adequacy may not address this
diversity. Explicit situation coverage has been proposed as a solution, but
there has been little empirical study of its effectiveness. In this paper, we
describe an implementation of situation coverage for testing a simple simulated
autonomous road vehicle, and evaluate its ability to find seeded faults
compared to a random test generation approach. In our experiments, the
performance of the two methods is similar, with situation coverage having a
very slight advantage. We conclude that situation coverage probably does not
have a significant benefit over random generation for the type of simple,
research-grade AR software used here. It will likely be valuable when applied
to more complex and mature software
No Port, No Passport: Why Submerged States Can Have No Nationals
Territorial loss owing to sea level rise presents novel challenges to the international legal order. Nowhere is this clearer than in the case of small island states like the Maldives, Tuvalu and Kiribati, whose very existence is in jeopardy. In our recent article, Sinking Into Statelessness, we argue that the principle of presumption of continuity of state existence does not ensure that sinking states shall, or may, retain their legal statehood, because that principle cannot overrule the fact that territoriality is a constitutive feature of legal statehood. Here, we argue that even if, contra our previous conclusion, submerged states retain their legal statehood, territory is nevertheless necessary in order for a state to confer nationality in the sense of the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons; that is, for a state to consider someone a national under the operation of its law. In consequence, even granting that a submerged state could exist and have members, its members would need nationality in another state in order to avoid de jure statelessness. To establish this claim, we will argue that for a state to consider someone a national under the operation of its law, that state must be capable of complying with the duty to readmit nationals when requested to do so by another state, which requires habitable territory
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